Hearing protection for shooting sports: everything you need to know

Olaf Brand
2025-12-03T11:38:24+01:00

What is the best type of hearing protection when shooting? Discover the difference between active and passive protection.

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Shooting is a sport of concentration, control, and precision, but it also involves exposure to extremely high noise levels. Did you know that a single shot can produce up to 160 decibels? These levels far exceed the threshold at which sound becomes painful to the ear. Therefore, without adequate hearing protection, you may suffer irreversible hearing damage. In this blog, you will learn why hearing protection is essential in shooting sports, what the difference is between active and passive protection and what to look out for when choosing the right earmuffs or earplugs.

Why is hearing protection essential in shooting sports

A firearm produces a brief but extremely loud spike in sound levels with every shot. Even a small-calibre weapon quickly reaches 140 decibels. In comparison, a fighter jet at 30 metres away produces about 130 dB. Hearing damage can occur at exposure levels from 80–85 dB, particularly if such exposure is repeated. In shooting sports, therefore, the risk of hearing damage is significant. Curious how these values relate to everyday sounds? Read our article on 5 noise levels in decibels.

Without proper hearing protection, you may suffer from:

Permanent hearing damage (such as hearing impairment)

Tinnitus (persistent tinnitus)

Hypersensitivity to sound (hyperacusis)

It is worth noting that at indoor shooting ranges, the risk of hearing damage is higher due to sound reverberation from the walls. One thing is certain: whether you shoot recreationally or competitively, hearing protection is always essential.

Active versus passive hearing protection: which is better when shooting?

There are roughly two types of hearing protection you can use in shooting sports. We will list the pros and cons of both for you.

Passive hearing protection

This type of protection works without electronics. Options include basic earplugs or earmuffs equipped with sound-absorbing foam padding. They attenuate all sounds evenly.

Advantages:

Simple to use

No batteries required

Affordable

Disadvantages:

Harder to understand conversations or instructions

No distinction between harmful and safe sounds

Active hearing protection

Active hearing protection, such as the Alpine Defender, is equipped with microphones and electronic components. These amplify soft sounds (such as speech) and automatically mute loud sound spikes.

Advantages:

You can keep track of conversations

Optimal protection against shots

Some models are adjustable in volume

Disadvantages:

Slightly more expensive than passive options

Battery-powered

For most sports shooters, active protection offers the best of both worlds: communication and safety.

Earmuffs or earplugs: which works best for shooting sports?

Both have their own advantages and disadvantages. The choice depends on your preference, the type of shooting sport and how often you shoot. To help you choose, we will explain the main differences between earmuffs and earplugs.

Earmuffs

Earmuffs cover the entire ear. They are popular in shooting sports due to their high cushioning and the ease with which they can be put on and taken off. The Alpine range includes the Defender earmuff, which is specially designed for shooting sports.

Advantages:

High noise reduction (up to 26 dB)

Active models available

Easy to use

Disadvantages:

Bigger and heavier than earplugs

They may be less comfortable during prolonged use or when worn with a helmet

Earplugs

Earplugs go directly into the ear canal. They are compact, light and easy to carry. Some sports shooters even combine them with earmuffs for extra protection.

Advantages:

Discreet and lightweight

Compatible with other equipment

Disadvantages:

Less attenuation than earmuffs

Less easy to put on or take off quickly

Tips for buying hearing protection for shooting sports

Which hearing protection works best for you depends on several factors. You should consider the following points when purchasing hearing protection for shooting sports:

Pay attention to the attenuation value (SNR). Choose protection with at least 25 dB attenuation.

Check if they are suitable for impulse noise. Not every hearing protector is made for short, loud bangs.

Comfort is key. Especially if you train or compete for a long time.

Test if they are compatible with other equipment. Think of glasses, helmets or communication equipment.

Consider active models. Especially if you have to follow instructions or shoot in teams.

Conclusion

Hearing protection is not an afterthought in shooting sports. It is an essential part of your kit. Every shot without protection carries risk. Fortunately, there is a suitable solution for every shooter, ranging from simple earplugs to high-end active earmuffs. Take the time to discover what works for you and invest in your hearing. Because hearing damage is irreversible. And prevention really is better than cure.

Frequently asked questions about hearing protection in shooting sports

How does active hearing protection work when shooting?

Active hearing protection automatically attenuates loud impulse sounds, such as gunshots, while amplifying softer sounds, like speech. This ensures you are well protected while still allowing you to hear important communications.

Is hearing protection mandatory in shooting sports?

Yes, hearing protection is mandatory at almost all shooting ranges. Both indoors and outdoors, regardless of calibre. This is also stipulated in the guidelines of shooting sports associations.

What is the minimum attenuation I need?

Choose hearing protection with an SNR value of at least 25 dB. With intensive use or at indoor ranges, additional attenuation may be desirable.

Can I combine hearing protection?

Definitely. Combining earplugs and earmuffs provides additional attenuation and is recommended for extremely loud environments or indoor ranges with significant echo.

Do active earmuffs last long?

The lifespan depends on the brand and use. Models like the Alpine Defender have long battery life and are robustly built for intensive use.